f 16 tailhook

F 16 Tailhook - A tailhook, arresting hook or arrester hook is a device attached to the (aft) wing of some fixed-wing military aircraft. Hooks are used to achieve rapid deceleration during regular landings in aircraft cockpits at sea or during emergency landings or aborted takeoffs at equipped airports.

The tailhook was first demonstrated at sea on January 18, 1911, after aviator Euge Ely successfully landed the armored cruiser USS Pnsylvania with the aid of the device. It was not until the early 1920's that a practical system involving deck-mounted arresting gear was devised and put into use. In the 1930s, many ships were equipped with such equipment, allowing increasingly heavy combat aircraft to be used at sea during World War II. After the introduction of jet-powered aircraft in the 1950s, arrestor technology was further developed to allow aircraft operating at higher speeds and weights to land on aircraft carriers. This system continues to be widely used into the 21st century.

F 16 Tailhook

On January 18, 1911, aviator Euge Ely boarded the armored cruiser USS Pennsylvania docked in San Francisco Bay in a Curtiss pusher plane from Tanforan Airfield in San Bruno, California. Landed on a platform in Pennsylvania.

Royal Navy 703 Squadron Dh Sea Vampire F.20 Landing On An Aircraft Carrier With Tail Hook /..., Stock Photo, Picture And Rights Managed Image. Pic. Mev 11955701

The first recorded landing of an aircraft. This flight was also the first to use a tailhook system designed and built by circus performer and aviator Hugh Robinson. After the flight, Ely told reporters: About four months later, the US Navy ordered its first aircraft, which is often considered a milestone in naval aviation.

The system initially received limited attention, but after the outbreak of World War I, its merits became more recognized.

Naval planners recognized that for an airplane to be a viable naval asset, it must be able to take off and land from ships. During World War I, the number of U.S. Army aviators increased from 38 to 1,650, and they served in a variety of roles supporting Allied forces specializing in combat air patrol and submarine reconnaissance.

During this period, the first practical tail hooks and rear arrangements were devised. On April 1, 1922, the U.S. Navy requested designs for arresting equipment for a pair of aircraft carriers, the USS Lexington and the USS Saratoga.

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In the early 1930s, the U.S. Navy began developing adjustable hydraulic arresting equipment, which proved capable of absorbing the energy of landing aircraft not only at higher speeds but also at greater weight.

As the weight and sortie speed of military aircraft continued to increase during World War II, the Naval Air Wing had to continuously innovate and improve its air recovery systems. The introduction of jets into carrier operations throughout the 1950s resulted in significant increases in landing speeds and tailhook loads.

Throughout the 1950s, the U.S. Navy developed and operated a test platform consisting of a car driven by a concrete I-beam and powered by a pair of jet engines. At the end of the 1km race, the tailhook under test was gagged to the stop wire, while the I-beam guide gradually widened to slow the test vehicle after passing the stop wire, acting as a safety device preventing the arrestor from moving. . The failure test rig was able to simulate different aircraft weights and speeds, the former being tuned by adding or subtracting steel plates loaded into the modified vehicle.

These trials supported efforts to develop increasingly effective arresting equipment suitable for the larger and more powerful jets that had naval aviation at the time.

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Tailhook is primarily operated in naval contexts, but many land aircraft are also fitted with tailhook to slow down landings in case of an emergency. During the Vietnam War in March 1967, a highly unusual incident known as "Pardo's Push" involving a US Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II piloted by Bob Pardo helped a second Phantom II badly damaged in a combat zone. It is said to shove his plane into the tail hook of another deployed person, temporarily reducing his rate of destruction by half.

In the 21st century, tailhooks remain part of the primary means of landing aircraft at sea in many navies, including the United States Navy. French multi-role fighter Dassault Rafale in the 2000s Six Rafales of Flotilla 12F in 2008 USS Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Air Wing interoperability training.

New software tested with Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet fighter jets in the 2010s showed promise for streamlining carrier landings.

During flight testing of the new Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, one serious flaw that required a redesign and delay was the failure of the Navy's F-35C variant to capture arresting wires on all eight test landings. The tail hook had to be redesigned over two years.

Tailhook: What Happened, Why & What's To Be Learned

A tail hook is a strong metal rod whose free d is transformed into a flat, slightly thick, claw-like hook. The hook is mounted on a swivel on the aircraft keel and is usually mechanically and hydraulically locked in the stowed/up position. When the pilot is operated, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure lowers the hook to the lower position. The presence of a tailhook is not proof that an aircraft carrier is suitable. The carrier aircraft hook is designed to be quickly raised by the pilot after use.

Many ground fighters are also equipped with a tailhook for use in case of brake/tyre malfunction, aborted takeoff, or other emergencies. Land aircraft landing gear and tail hooks are generally not strong enough to absorb the impact of an aircraft carrier landing.

Some tailhook on the ground are equipped with a nitrogen pressure system that must be recharged by ground personnel after operation.

The carrier and ground arresting gear consists of one or more cables (aka "arrest wires" or "cross deck pdants") that are stretched across the landing area and attached to stop the gear motors via "cable purchases".

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A total of four arrestor wires are provided in a typical carrier bridge configuration. The tailhook's function is to grab one of these cables, preferably the third one of the available four, to transfer the resistance provided by the rear arrestor to the airplane, allowing it to slow down more quickly.

Before making an "arrested landing," the pilot lowers the hook so that the aircraft's wheels touch the ground as they make contact. th hook is dragged along the surface until the suspension cable stretched across the landing area is measured. As the cables unwind, energy from the aircraft is transferred through the cables to the landing gear. "Trap" is often used as a slang term for an arrested landing. A plane landing over an arresting cable is said to be "leaked". Sometimes the tailhook will bounce off one or more wires, resulting in a "hook skip bolter".

For landing breaks, the hook can be lowered to a specific point in front of the cable, typically around 1000 feet. When an aircraft's tailhook fails or is damaged, naval aviators have limited options. When someone is within range, they can convert into shore-based runways or "barricade" the carrier deck with erectable nets. Size of this view: 800 × 525 pixels. Other resolutions: 320 × 210 pixels | 640 × 420 pixels | 1,024 × 672 pixels | 1, 280 × 840 pixels | 2,000 × 1,312 pixels.

A United States Air Force (USAF) F-16 Fighting Falcon fighter jet assigned to Shaw Air Force Base (AFB) in South Carolina (SC) engages an arresting cable during certification testing. In an emergency, barrier cables are used to catch and stop the aircraft. Location: SHAW Air Force Base, South Carolina (SC) United States (USA)

Alternate Runway Operations

This image or file was photographed or created by an Air Force or employee of the United States Air Force as part of their official duties. As a work of the United States Federal Government, the image or file is in the public domain in the United States.

{{Information |Source=[http://www.dodmedia.osd.mil/Assets/Still/2005/Air_Force/DF-SD-05-11136.JPEG ID:DF-SD-05-11136] / illustration service: Air Force/Command Mark: ACC / 040116-F-0629H-004 | Description = Air Force (USAF) F-16 Fighting Falcon Fighter

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United States Air Force (USAF) F-16 Fighting Falcon fighter assigned to Shaw Air

Reading And Setting Tailhook Position And Canopy Open?

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